American Culture Studies Series

In »Call Me Ishmael«, Charles Olson exclaims »SPACE to be the central fact to man born in America«. Indeed, from the start, history and identity in America have been intricately tied to issues of space: from the idea of the »city upon a hill« to the transnational (soft) power of the United States, space has always served as an important parameter of power gained or lost and of the struggles to maintain or resist it. With contributions that range from the construction of America in (European) academic discourses to children's fiction, this collection provides an extensive and insightful study of how space influences our understanding of America.

From Josephine Baker's performances in the 1920s to the 1970s solidarity campaigns for Angela Davis, from Audre Lorde as »mother« of the Afro-German movement in the 1980s to the literary stardom of 1993 Nobel Laureate Toni Morrison, Germans have actively engaged with African American women's art and activism throughout the 20th century. The discursive strategies that have shaped the (West) German reactions to African American women's social activism and cultural work are examined in this study, which proposes not only a nuanced understanding of »African Americanizations« as a form of cultural exchange but also sheds new light on the role of African American culture for (West) German society, culture, and national identity.

This essential introduction to American studies examines the core foundational myths upon which the nation is based and which still determine discussions of US-American identities today. These myths include the myth of »discovery,« the Pocahontas myth, the myth of the Promised Land, the myth of the Founding Fathers, the melting pot myth, the myth of the West, and the myth of the self-made man. The chapters provide extended analyses of each of these myths, using examples from popular culture, literature, memorial culture, school books, and every-day life. Including visual material as well as study questions, this book will be of interest to any student of American studies and will foster an understanding of the United States of America as an imagined community by analyzing the foundational role of myths in the process of nation building.

The anticipatory logic of speculation and preemptive politics of risk are increasingly gaining significance in a globalizing neoliberal world. This study traces risk and speculation as aesthetic and political-economic strategies in factual and fictional discourses emerging at the North American Pacific Rim within a decade around 2000. Its exemplary close readings in particular focus on three fictional texts (Kathryn Bigelow's Hollywood film »Strange Days«, 1995, Karen T. Yamashita's novel »Tropic of Orange«, 1997, and Larissa Lai's novel »Salt Fish Girl«, 2002) whose intricate aesthetics pass perceptive critique on concurrent political-economic discourses and their subtle reconfiguration of race, class, and gender. The speculative near-future scenarios projected by these artifacts expose the rise of risk as a new rationality of governance. At the same time they illustrate neoliberal speculation as a new paradigm of subject formation at a hyper-capitalist, millennial Pacific Rim.

Die mediale Verarbeitung des 11. Septembers 2001 - so die zentrale These dieses Buchs - ist in den USA maßgeblich durch die Erinnerung an Pearl Harbor geprägt: Beide Anschläge waren auch Angriffe auf die nationale Identität. Vor dem Hintergrund kulturwissenschaftlicher Diskussionen um kulturelle, nationale oder kollektive Traumata diskutiert die amerikanistische Studie von Marcel Hartwig Ästhetik und Erzählmodi von insgesamt elf Hollywoodproduktionen zu beiden Ereignissen. Damit leistet sie einen ebenso instruktiven wie innovativen Beitrag zur Untersuchung des jüngeren Nationenbildungsprozesses in den USA.

»After the Storm« traces the cultural and political responses to Hurricane Katrina. Ever since Katrina hit the Gulf coast in 2005, its devastating consequences for the region, for New Orleans, and the United States have been negotiated in a growing number of cultural productions - among them Spike Lee's documentary film »When the Levees Broke«, David Simon and Eric Overmyer's TV series »Treme«, or Natasha Trethewey's poetry collection »Beyond Katrina«. This book provides interdisciplinary perspectives on these and other approaches to Hurricane Katrina and puts special emphasis on the intersections of the categories race and class.

This book presents the meticulous case studies of three individual houses from different eras, which serve to depict the social, political, and cultural effects that domestic architecture and interior design had on the upper class, the city of Boston, and a national American identity. It takes the reader on a journey to 18th and 19th century Boston and provides insight into the lives of these prominent men and women as seen through the perspective of their homes. It is a novel examination of the cultural significance of domestic architecture and interior design and, because of its story-telling character and extensive attention to detail, it is fascinating for curious readers and cultural historians alike.

Fugitive Borders explores a new archive of 19th-century autobiographical writing by black authors in North America. For that purpose, Nele Sawallisch examines four different texts written by formerly enslaved men in the 1850s that emerged in or around the historical region of Canada West (now known as Ontario) and that defy the genre conventions of the classic slave narrative. Instead, these texts demonstrate originality in expressing complex, often ambivalent attitudes towards the so-called Canadian Promised Land and contribute to a form of textual community-building across national borders. In the context of emerging national discourses before Canada's Confederation in 1867, they offer alternatives to the hegemonic narrative of the white settler nation.

»Our society has undergone a paradigm shift. In the information age, you and I are the alpha males,« Dr Leonard Hofstadter, experimental physicist and protagonist of the hit sitcom »The Big Bang Theory«, assures himself and his fellow scientists. The success of this and similar formats in American popular culture proves his point: Science has finally discovered the formula for cool. This interdisciplinary study examines how »cool«, a key aesthetic and affective category in the American imagination, informs contemporary representations of technoscience. Analyzing selected audiovisual productions, Judith Kohlenberger sheds light on current processes of interaction between science and popular culture, two pivotal sources for change in post-industrial America.

Wie wird Style als Mittel der politischen Intervention eingesetzt? Die US-amerikanische Bürgerrechtsbewegung und afroamerikanische Organisationen wie die Black Panther Party oder die Nation of Islam - aber auch das Blaxploitation-Filmgenre - bedienten sich eines spezifischen Stylings, um darüber politische Identitäten wie Gender, Race und Sexualität zu inszenieren. Mithilfe der Performativitätstheorie und Ansätzen aus den Cultural Studies eröffnet Philipp Dorestal eine neue Perspektive auf die Geschichte der African Americans und leistet damit einen wichtigen Beitrag zur Kulturgeschichte des Politischen.

1892 richteten Chicago und New York zum 400-jährigen Jubiläum der Entdeckung Amerikas pompöse Großveranstaltungen aus, die Christoph Kolumbus als US-amerikanischen Nationalhelden und Boten des Fortschritts feierten. 1992 hingegen war in den USA kein Jahr der patriotischen Mega-Events: Indianische, afroamerikanische und umweltpolitische Aktivisten machten mit Protesten auf die langfristigen sozialen, ökonomischen und ökologischen Konsequenzen von 1492 aufmerksam und kritisierten den einseitigen Eurozentrismus der Entdeckungsgeschichte. Was war geschehen? Kathleen Loock rekonstruiert, wie jüdische und italienische Einwanderer Kolumbus seit dem Ende des 19. Jahrhunderts als ethnische Legitimationsfigur reklamiert und so den aktuellen multikulturellen Anti-Mythos vorbereitet haben. Die umfangreiche Studie erschließt eine beeindruckende Fülle an Quellen und leistet einen wegweisenden Beitrag zur Kolumbusforschung und zur multilingualen Aufarbeitung US-amerikanischer Kulturgeschichte.

This interdisciplinary study examines the still vivid phenomenon of the most controversial psychiatric diagnosis in the United States: multiple personality disorder, now called dissociative identity disorder. This syndrome comprehends the occurrence of two or more distinct identities that take control of a person's behavior paired with an inexplicable memory loss. Synthesizing the fields of psychiatry and the dynamics of the disorder with its influential representation in American fiction, the study researches how psychiatry and fiction mutually shaped a mysterious syndrome and how this reciprocal process created a genre fiction of its own that persists until today in a very distinct self-referential mode.

The American Gothic novel has been deeply shaped by issues of race and raciality from its origins in British Romanticism to the American Gothic novel in the twenty-first century. Savage Horrors delineates an intrinsic raciality that is discursively sedimented in the Gothic's uniquely binary structure. Corinna Lenhardt uncovers the destructive and lasting impact of the Gothic's anti-Black racism on the cultural discourses in the United States. At the same time, Savage Horrors traces the unflinching Black resistance back to the Gothic's intrinsic raciality. The African American Gothic, however, does not originate there but in the Black Atlantic - roughly a decade before the first Gothic novel was ever written on American soil.

In the past decades, children of immigrants have drawn increased attention not only in press and media, but also in a number of academic fields, among them sociology, history, or ethnology. Surprisingly, literary and cultural studies have been somewhat more reluctant to approach the topic. While there is work on individual authors or, at the very most, particular ethnic groups, comparative approaches are rare. This monograph aims to amend this. It provides an extensive discussion of US-American literature about children of immigrants, comparing different authors, different ethnic groups and different literary and historical contexts.

American Mobilities investigates representations of mobility - social, economic, geographic - in American film and literature during the Depression, WWII, and the early Cold War. With an emphasis on the dual meaning of "domestic," referring to both the family home and the nation, this study traces the important trope of mobility that runs through the "American" century. Juxtaposing canonical fiction with popular, and low-budget independent films with Classical Hollywood, Leyda brings the analytic tools of American cultural and literary studies to bear on an eclectic array of primary texts as she builds a case for the significance of mobility in the study of the United States.

Wie lässt sich das Denken des französischen Philosophen Gilles Deleuze konkret für die amerikanistische und kulturwissenschaftliche Arbeit nutzbar machen? Simon Schleusener unternimmt eine differenzierte Auseinandersetzung mit Deleuzes Philosophie, deren konzeptuelle Eigenheiten er veranschaulicht und kontextualisiert. Unter dem Gesichtspunkt der »kulturellen Komplexität« kommt es dabei zu einer Re-Lektüre von Herman Melvilles Klassiker Moby-Dick, einer filmphilosophischen Verortung des Westerngenres und einer zeittheoretischen Annäherung an die Geschichte der Fotografie.

Was ist aus Martin Luther Kings Vision von einem Amerika der Gleichheit, Gerechtigkeit und Selbstbestimmung geworden? Fünfzig Jahre später haben die USA einerseits ihren ersten afroamerikanischen Präsidenten gewählt, andererseits ist die Alltagserfahrung von Afroamerikaner*innen nach wie vor von Polizei-Brutalität, Ausgrenzung und Rassismus geprägt. Die Beiträger*innen gehen den Spuren nach, welche die Bürgerrechtsbewegung in den USA hinterlassen hat, und fragen, was Rassismus heute bedeutet. Die kultur- und sozialwissenschaftlichen Artikel stellen zudem aktuelle Organisationsformen und Strategien von politischer Partizipation, Protest und Widerstand vor.

For more than two hundred years hotels have played a significant role in American history. The modern hotel is even an American invention. In five case studies of iconic New York hotels, this book presents the hotel experience of the white upper class, literati, young artists, African Americans and Jewish Americans in the twentieth century. Using a variety of texts, including autobiographies, movies and novels, the impact of hotel experience on society and culture - which has been neglected until now - becomes apparent. This unique approach offers a new way of reading New York and helps to better understand the city's special dynamics.

According to relational sociology, power imbalances are at the root of human conflicts and consequently shape the physical and symbolic struggles between interdependent groups or individuals. This volume highlights the role of power relations in the African American experience by applying key concepts of Pierre Bourdieu and Norbert Elias to black literature and culture. The authors offer new readings of power asymmetries as represented in works of canonical and contemporary black writers (Richard Wright, Ralph Ellison, Gwendolyn Brooks, Toni Morrison, Percival Everett, Colson Whitehead), rap music (e.g., Jay Z), images of black homelessness, and figurations of political activism (civil rights activist Bayard Rustin,

Michael Drescher analyzes national mythologies in American and German literature. He focuses on processes of mythological resignification, a literary phenomenon carrying significant implications for questions of identity, democracy, and nationalism in Europe and America. Precise narratological analyses are paired with detailed, transnational readings of Hawthorne's The Scarlet Letter, Gutzkow's Wally, die Zweiflerin, Brown's Clotel, and Heine's Deutschland. Ein Wintermärchen. The study marries literature, mythology, and politics and contributes to the study of American and German literature at large.

The arrival of telegraphy and railroads changed power relations throughout the world in the nineteenth century. In the Mesilla region of the American Southwest, it contributed to two distinct and rapid shifts in political and economic power from the 1850s to the 1920s. Torsten Kathke illustrates how the changes these technologies wrought everywhere could be seen at a much accelerated pace here. A local Hispano elite was replaced first by a Hispano-Anglo one, and finally a nationally oriented Anglo elite. As various groups tried to gain, hold, and defend power, the region became bound ever closer to the US economy and to the federal government.

Über die facettenreiche Arbeit der 71-jährigen Künstlerin Patti Smith gibt es eine Flut von Informationen - nicht zuletzt durch das Internet. Auch ihre autobiografischen Werke Just Kids und M Train haben eine internationale Leserschaft gefunden. Henning E. Kuckuk setzt sich ausgehend von der interdisziplinären Amerikanistik und den Cultural Studies - mit Bezug auf politik- und sozialwissenschaftliche Parameter - erstmals wissenschaftlich mit ihrem Werk und Leben auseinander. Der Analyse liegen empirische Untersuchungen von Performances und der Website der Künstlerin zugrunde, die von einem breiten Publikum rezipiert werden. Wie Patti Smith spricht auch dieses Buch eine politisch aktive Öffentlichkeit an.

What does it mean for Black diasporic writers to travel to Africa? Focusing on the period between the 1990s and 2010s, Isabel Kalous examines autobiographical narratives of travel to Africa by African American and Black British authors. She places the texts within the long tradition of Black diasporic engagement with the continent, scrutinizes the significance of Black mobility, and demonstrates that travel writing serves as a means to negotiate questions of identity, belonging, history, and cultural memory. To provide a framework for the analyses of contemporary narratives, her study outlines the emergence, development, and key characteristics of the multifaceted genre of Black travel writing. Authors discussed include, among others, Saidiya Hartman, Barack Obama, and Caryl Phillips.

Business is woven into the very fabric of American life, yet rarely surfaces in the nation's literary history. Even in novels about business, it proves an elusive motif that fails to mirror actual business organizations. This book argues that literary representations of business remain ineffable because business serves potential aesthetic functions, subtly yet meaningfully impacting readers. Exploring the complex representation of business in realist, naturalist and modernist works, Erhan Simsek reveals these functions by analyzing how the motif intertwines with social developments, literary movements and author biographies. He thus illuminates the motif itself while highlighting the utility of a focus on the changing functions of literature.

Recent U.S. literature has both been informed by, and critically engaged with, materialist conceptions of selfhood. Over the past decades, disciplines like neuroscience and evolutionary biology have increasingly recast the human self as a malleable construct produced by physiological processes. In a parallel development, literary authors have created their own conceptions of somatic subjectivity in conjunction or contrast with scientific and medical discourses. Subjects of Substance examines the forms, functions, and effects of materialist models of mind in selected memoirs and novels. Authors discussed include Michael W. Clune, Don DeLillo, Kay Redfield Jamison, Siri Hustvedt, Richard Powers, Elyn R. Saks, and David Foster Wallace.

The body has become central to practices of self-tracking. By focusing on the relations between quantification, the body, and labor, this volume sheds light on the ways in which discourses on data collection and versions of the ›corporate self‹ are instrumental in redefining concepts of labor, including notions of immaterial and free labor in an increasingly virtual work environment. The contributions explore the functions of quantification in conceptualizing the body as a laboring body and examine how quantification contributes to disciplining the body. By doing so, they also inquire how practices of self-tracking, self-monitoring, and self-optimization have evolved historically.

From self-help books and nootropics, to self-tracking and home health tests, to the tinkering with technology and biological particles - biohacking brings biology, medicine, and the material foundation of life into the sphere of »do-it-yourself«. This trend has the potential to fundamentally change people's relationship with their bodies and biology but it also creates new cultural narratives of responsibility, authority, and differentiation. Covering a broad range of examples, this book explores practices and representations of biohacking in popular culture, discussing their ambiguous position between empowerment and requirement, promise and prescription.

How does the US make sense of its elite educational system, given that it seems to be at odds with core American values, such as equality of opportunity or upward mobility? Sophie Spieler explores scholarly and journalistic investigations, self-representational texts, and fictional narratives revolving around the Ivy League and its peers in order to understand elite education and its peculiar position in American cultural discourse. Among the book's most surprising and groundbreaking insights is the tenacity and adaptability of meritocratic ideology across all three sub-discourses, despite its fundamental incompatibility with the American educational system.

Was der »Bechdel-Test« für die weibliche Filmfigur ist, liefert dieses Buch für Rassismus im Film. Lima Sayeds Untersuchung zeigt auf, wie die Themen, Formen und Aspekte von Rasse und Rassismus im US-amerikanischen Film der 2000er Jahre in stets wiederkehrenden Mustern zum Ausdruck kommen: Desolate, weiße Männer wandeln sich zu heldenhaften Rettern hilfloser rassifizierter Anderer und finden dabei Erlösung für sich selbst. Neben einer für die heutige Zeit notwendigen Revision des Bedeutungskomplexes Rassismus legt Lima Sayed Merkmale und Mechanismen frei, die wesentlich für das Verständnis des modernen Rassismus sind. Die Studie leistet damit sowohl einen Beitrag zu den Filmwissenschaften als auch zum gegenwärtigen neuen Rassismusdiskurs.

In the past two decades, a discourse of crisis has emerged about the democratic institutions and political culture of the US: many structures of authority which people had more or less taken for granted are facing a massive public loss of trust. This volume takes an interdisciplinary and historical look at the transformations of authority and trust in the United States. The contributors examine government institutions, political parties, urban neighborhoods, scientific experts, international leadership, religious communities, and literary production. Exploring the nexus between authority and trust is crucial to understand the loss of legitimacy experienced by political, social, and cultural institutions not only in the United States but in Western democracies at large.